Dive slate · divesites.com.au · printed 9 Nov 2026
Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)
Coral Sea, External Territories · near Cairns (liveaboard)
| Depth | Max 40 m |
|---|---|
| Minimum level | Deep/Advanced + experience |
| Difficulty | Intermediate |
| Access | Boat (multi-day/liveaboard) |
| Entry | Giant stride from liveaboard dive deck; descend mooring or line |
| Current | Variable/Tidal |
| Visibility | 20-40 m |
| Water | summer 28-29 °C, winter 24-26 °C |
| Suit | 3 mm full wetsuit or lycra Nov–Apr (27–29°C); 5 mm full wetsuit Jun–Sep (23–25°C); full-length lycra or stinger suit recommended Nov–May |
| Best season | Year-round when weather allows; Sep–Dec usually calmest and clearest (visibility can exceed 40 m); Jun–Aug stronger SE trades make the open-ocean crossing rough; Dec–Apr cyclone season |
| Bottom time | 45 min |
| Position | not published |
| Permit | Coral Sea Marine Park (Parks Australia). Scuba/snorkel tourism in all zones requires Parks Australia authorisation (held by the operator); recreational fishing is prohibited in National Park Zones. Bougainville Reef is zoned partly National Park Zone (IUCN II, no-take) and partly Habitat Protection Zone (Reefs) under the Coral Sea Marine Park Management Plan 2018. Wrecks older than 75 years are protected under the Underwater Cultural Heritage Act 2018. |
| Nearest chamber | Townsville University Hospital hyperbaric unit (Townsville) – aeromedical evacuation only after the vessel steams back toward the coast; several hours to more than a day away; liveaboards carry oxygen and satellite communications |
| Emergency | 000 · DAN Asia-Pacific diving emergency 1800 088 200 |
Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)
Also known as Middle Earth
A rarely described Bougainville drift site on Mike Ball's Far Northern expedition.
Near Cairns (liveaboard) · Coral Sea, External Territories
- Depth
- Max 40 m
- Minimum level
- Deep/Advanced + experience
- Access
- Boat (multi-day/liveaboard)
- Boat ride
- —
- Water
- 28-29 °C
- Visibility
- 20-40 m
Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)Max 40 m · Deep/Advanced + experience
Dive factsDepths, conditions, location & safety
Season
In season nowBest months: January, February, March, April, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.
Year-round when weather allows; Sep–Dec usually calmest and clearest (visibility can exceed 40 m); Jun–Aug stronger SE trades make the open-ocean crossing rough; Dec–Apr cyclone season
- Best months
- Now (November)
- Stinger suit Nov–May
Dive facts
- Depth
- Max 40 m
- Typical depth
- 20 m
- Certification
- Deep/Advanced + experience
- Difficulty
- Intermediate
- Depth tier
- Deep / Advanced + experience (30–40 m)
- Access
- Boat (multi-day/liveaboard)
- Offshore
- 230 km
- Dive centre needed
- Yes – boat access only
- Shore / independent
- No
- Current
- Variable/Tidal
- Visibility
- 20-40 m
- Water temp (summer)
- 28-29 °C
- Water temp (winter)
- 24-26 °C
- Water
- Tropical
- Bottom time
- 45 min
- Dive traffic
- Moderate (occasional charters/club dives)
- Night dive
- No
- Snorkel friendly
- No
Exposure suit
3 mm full wetsuit or lycra Nov–Apr (27–29°C); 5 mm full wetsuit Jun–Sep (23–25°C); full-length lycra or stinger suit recommended Nov–May
Location
Bougainville Reef · Coral Sea – Bougainville Reef
No published coordinates. The map above shows the general area, estimated from other documented sites near Cairns.
Dive site map (external) →Primary source: mikeball.comMarine park & permits
Coral Sea Marine Park (Parks Australia). Scuba/snorkel tourism in all zones requires Parks Australia authorisation (held by the operator); recreational fishing is prohibited in National Park Zones. Bougainville Reef is zoned partly National Park Zone (IUCN II, no-take) and partly Habitat Protection Zone (Reefs) under the Coral Sea Marine Park Management Plan 2018. Wrecks older than 75 years are protected under the Underwater Cultural Heritage Act 2018.
Nearest recompression chamber
Townsville University Hospital hyperbaric unit (Townsville) – aeromedical evacuation only after the vessel steams back toward the coast; several hours to more than a day away; liveaboards carry oxygen and satellite communications
Diving emergency: call 000, then DAN AP 1800 088 200.
Trip planner
Build a trip around Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef) →
A day-by-day plan for Coral Sea with this site locked in.
This guide is a planning aid. Conditions change daily — confirm with a local dive centre and dive within your training. Data & safety notes.
Dive profile
How this site rates
Scores are computed from the recorded data, not opinions. How?
At a glance
Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef) is a drift liveaboard-only site in Coral Sea, Australia's external territories, to a maximum of 40 m, suited to Deep/Advanced + experience divers, variable/tidal current.
Rated intermediate because of depth to 40 m, tidal current that must be timed.
Why dive here
- A rarely described Bougainville drift site on Mike Ball's Far Northern expedition.
- Visibility often reaches 20-40 m.
Conditions to avoid
- Wind over about 20 knots
- Afternoon north-easterlies
- Cyclone season (roughly December–April)
About Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)
Middle Earth is one of the Bougainville Reef sites named on Mike Ball Dive Expeditions' Far Northern Reefs expedition, alongside Dungeons & Dragons and Crystal Plateau, which suggests a Tolkien-minded crew was responsible for naming this part of the reef. Marinelife.org.au lists it among Bougainville's drift dives with The Sticks and Between the Wrecks, and Dive the World lists it as a possible site with limited description.
No detailed description has been published. The name, and its placement among the Bougainville drift sites, point to a wall or slope run as a drift, perhaps with caves or gullies like neighbouring Dungeons & Dragons. As at other Bougainville wall sites, divers can expect grey reef and whitetip sharks, schools of trevally, snapper and unicornfish, turtles, and a covering of soft corals and fans on the wall face. The clear oceanic water, typically 20–40 m visibility, is the constant at every Bougainville site.
Bougainville is a small, isolated reef that usually gets one day on Mike Ball's Coral Sea itineraries, so the crew chooses a handful of dives from the reef's many named sites according to conditions. Middle Earth appears most often on the longer Far Northern expedition.
This record is provisional. The depth range and location should be confirmed with the operator. It suits intermediate divers comfortable with drift technique and ascending away from a mooring line, and it should be treated as an occasional site rather than a regular one, with the crew briefing as the authority on route and conditions.
Getting there & entry
A drift-dive site on Bougainville Reef listed on Mike Ball's Far Northern Reefs expedition itinerary.
Liveaboard only. Mike Ball's Spoilsport visits Bougainville on its 4-night Osprey fly-dive (Cairns departure Thursday evening, return by flight from Lizard Island), 5-night Coral Sea & Cod Hole and 7-night Coral Sea expeditions; the overnight run from Cairns is roughly 230 km of open ocean. Bougainville is not guaranteed on every itinerary and is usually allocated one day.
Middle Earth is listed on Mike Ball's Far Northern Reefs expedition and is run as a drift or moored dive depending on the current.
Entry: Giant stride from liveaboard dive deck; descend mooring or line
Weather, swell & tides
Bougainville is a small, isolated Coral Sea reef about 230 km north-east of Cairns and 150 km south of Osprey, with no land to shelter behind, so the surface can be choppy in any SE trade wind over about 20 knots, common June to August. Conditions broadly follow Osprey's, though Bougainville is sometimes calmer when Osprey is windy. Currents are generally mild but can pick up on the corners and walls.
September to December usually gives the calmest seas and best visibility (20–40 m); December to April is cyclone season.
Best season: Year-round when weather allows; Sep–Dec usually calmest and clearest (visibility can exceed 40 m); Jun–Aug stronger SE trades make the open-ocean crossing rough; Dec–Apr cyclone season
How the dive is usually run
Follow the crew briefing. Typically drop up-current, descend to about 20 m along the wall, drift with the reef on one side and ascend under an SMB at half gas.
Marine life
- Expected Bougainville wall fauna: grey reef and whitetip reef sharks →
- trevally
- snapper
- unicornfish
- turtles →
- anthias; soft corals and fans
Linked species have their own page listing every site where they are recorded. All marine life →
Training required
The recreational limit. Operators expect a Deep Diver specialty or Advanced plus a log of similar dives, and most recommend nitrox.
Operators often quote Advanced Open Water, but the site reaches 40 m, which is beyond that level's depth limit; Deep/Advanced + experience is the appropriate minimum for the full dive. This is a deep dive: plan gas, bottom time and a safety stop accordingly, and consider nitrox.
Operators' own listing: Advanced Open Water.
Courses that help here
- Enriched Air Nitrox – Longer no-decompression time at 25 m and deeper.
- Deep Diver – The site reaches 40 m.
- Drift Diver – Current is a feature of the dive.
Depth tiers: 0–10 m easy · to 18 m Open Water · 18–30 m Advanced (25 m+ is a deep dive) · 30–40 m Deep specialty · 40 m+ technical. All courses
Hazards & warnings
Drift dive – SMB and pick-up; wall depth; remote – hours to days from medical help.
Dive centres that go here
Mike Ball Dive Expeditions (Spoilsport) – Far Northern Reefs and some Coral Sea expeditions.
Operators recorded for Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)
Other dive centres in Coral Sea
Spirit of Freedom
ListedCairns · Cairns · QLD
An expedition liveaboard associated with Ribbon Reefs, Osprey Reef and Coral Sea itineraries.
spiritoffreedom.com.au · (07) 4047 9150
Passions of Paradise
ListedCairns · Cairns · QLD
A Cairns sailing catamaran day trip combining reef diving and snorkelling.
passions.com.au · (07) 4041 1600
Divers Den
ListedCairns · Cairns · QLD
A Cairns operation running both day-boat and liveaboard products alongside a training business and retail presence.
diversden.com.au · (07) 4046 7333
Down Under Cruise & Dive
ListedCairns · Cairns · QLD
A Cairns day-boat operator offering reef diving, snorkelling and introductory diving.
downundercruiseanddive.com.au · (07) 4052 8300
Reef Encounter
ListedCairns · Cairns · QLD
A Cairns-based liveaboard vessel offering multi-day reef stays with day-boat transfers.
reefencounter.com.au · (07) 4037 2700
Pro Dive Cairns
ListedCairns · Cairns · QLD
A long-established Cairns operation best known for multi-day liveaboard certification trips that combine Open Water training with outer Great Barrier Reef diving.
prodivecairns.com · (07) 4031 5255
General area
No position has been published for Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef). The circle shows where it is likely to be, worked out from other documented sites near Cairns. Ask a local operator for the exact site.
Dashed circle: general area (about 60 km), from other documented sites near Cairns. 6 pinned sites. Pins marked approximate on their pages show the general area only; not for navigation.
Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef): frequently asked questions
How deep is Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)?
Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef) reaches a maximum depth of 40 m; most of the dive is spent around 20 m.
What certification do I need to dive Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)?
Deep/Advanced + experience is the recommended minimum. Operators often quote Advanced Open Water, but the site reaches 40 m, which is beyond that level's depth limit; Deep/Advanced + experience is the appropriate minimum for the full dive. This is a deep dive: plan gas, bottom time and a safety stop accordingly, and consider nitrox. Rated intermediate because of depth to 40 m, tidal current that must be timed.
Can I shore dive Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)?
No, it is reached by boat. A dive centre is required: boat access only.
When is the best time to dive Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)?
Year-round when weather allows; Sep–Dec usually calmest and clearest (visibility can exceed 40 m); Jun–Aug stronger SE trades make the open-ocean crossing rough; Dec–Apr cyclone season.
What marine life will I see at Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)?
Regularly recorded: Expected Bougainville wall fauna: grey reef and whitetip reef sharks, trevally, snapper, unicornfish, turtles, anthias; soft corals and fans.
What wetsuit do I need at Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)?
3 mm full wetsuit or lycra Nov–Apr (27–29°C); 5 mm full wetsuit Jun–Sep (23–25°C); full-length lycra or stinger suit recommended Nov–May.
How cold is the water at Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)?
Typically 28-29 °C in summer and 24-26 °C in winter.
What are the main hazards at Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)?
Drift dive – SMB and pick-up; wall depth; remote – hours to days from medical help. See the hazards section above for the full list.
Where is the nearest recompression chamber to Middle Earth (Bougainville Reef)?
Townsville University Hospital hyperbaric unit (Townsville) – aeromedical evacuation only after the vessel steams back toward the coast; several hours to more than a day away; liveaboards carry oxygen and satellite communications. In an emergency call 000, then DAN Asia-Pacific on 1800 088 200.
Diving in Coral Sea
Beyond the outer Great Barrier Reef the continental shelf drops away and a scatter of isolated oceanic reefs rises from 1,000 m or more of water. Osprey, Bougainville, Holmes, Flinders and Lihou reefs have vertical walls, 40 m-plus visibility, and shark populations that were never fished down. North Horn at Osprey is the best-known shark dive in Australia; the southern reefs are visited by a handful of boats a year.
Getting there: Liveaboard only, 4–7 nights from Cairns or Port Douglas for Osprey and the northern reefs; expedition trips from Cairns or Townsville for Flinders and Lihou. Overnight crossings of open sea are part of the deal.
Sources
- mikeball.com/far-northern-reefs-expedition
- marinelife.org.au/?page_id=1642
- dive-the-world.com/diving-sites-australia-great-barrier-reef-bougainville.php
Data confidence: Low · Being verified: Name-only listing; depth, topography and location unconfirmed.. Last updated September 2026. Know this site better? How to send a correction
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